i'm studying for the exam myself, but i'll try to answer your queries to the best of my knowledge
first, you need to choose the solution that will really solve the problem you-or the project- are facing
secondly, kindly find my replies on your queries hereinafter;
- you have to ask why the deliverable isn't accepted?and then you will pick the answer that will solve the problem but if you want to make sure that the deliverable meets the acceptance criteria you may review the requirement docs or the WBS dictionary based upon the choices you have in the questions as both of them include the acceptance criteria,however the trace-ability matrix doesn't
- when a change is needed, you need to analyze its impact first on all the competing constraints and then look for options to minimize the impact then take it to the board.
if it gets approved you need to update the relevant plans then inform stakeholders
- this depends on the situation but what should solve the problem for good is to review the communication plan and the stakeholder management plan
- also this depends but better to review both

- some changes doesn't need to be sent to the board, if the changes doesn't affect the cost or the schedule or doesn't have a major impact maybe the project manager can approve them himself. this should depends on the level of authority the PM has and the change type
I hope that may answer your questions