TOPIC: Free PMP® Exam Sample Question

You are managing a project to build a database and need to acquire information from the stakeholders of the project. The team is using brainstorming, focus groups, interviews, questionnaires, and benchmarking to understand and document the stakeholders' needs.

The methods the team is using are representative of which tool and technique?

A. Data gathering
B. Data analysis
C. Decision making
D. Data representation

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HINT: Which tool and technique is used to acquire information in the Collect Requirements process?

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Answer and Explanation:
The correct answer is A.

The project described in the scenario is in the Collect Requirements process where project stakeholders' needs and requirements are determined and documented. A tool and technique used in the Collect Requirements process to elicit requirements from stakeholders is data gathering. Data gathering includes brainstorming, focus groups, interviews, questionnaires, surveys, and benchmarking.

Details for each option:

A. Correct. Data gathering is a tool and technique used in the Collect Requirements process which includes brainstorming, focus groups, interviews, questionnaires, and benchmarking, making this choice the best answer to the question asked.

B. Incorrect. In the scenario described, the project is in the Collect Requirements process, and the project team is gathering data. While data analysis is a tool and technique of the Collect Requirements process, it involves the actual analysis of the data and not the gathering of the data.

C. Incorrect. According to the scenario, the team is involved in the Collect Requirements process. Decision making is a tool and technique of this process. However, decision-making techniques are used to select which requirements will be addressed in the project, not to collect information which is what is described by the question.

D. Incorrect. The scenario suggests that the project team is gathering data. While data representation is a tool and technique of the Collect Requirements process described in the scenario, it is not used to gather data. Data representation uses methods to display or diagram the collected information so that the data is easier to review and analyze.

Reference: A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK^® Guide) – Seventh Edition, Project Management Institute Inc., 2021,
4.4.1 DATA GATHERING AND ANALYSIS

Process Groups: A Practice Guide, Project Management Institute Inc., 2023,
5.3 Collect Requirements
10 Tools and Techniques