TOPIC: Free CAPM® Exam Sample Question

Which of the following dependencies are often considered when fast-tracking techniques are employed?

A. Mandatory dependencies
B. Discretionary dependencies
C. Internal dependencies
D. External dependencies

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HINT: Which type of dependencies could be changed easily?

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Answer and Explanation:
The correct answer is B.

Fast-tracking is a schedule compression technique in which activities or phases are normally done sequentially are considered to be performed in parallel to reduce the total duration. While mandatory dependencies are often legally or contractually required, they cannot be changed easily; discretionary dependencies are established based on best practices and other options may be acceptable. Thus, discretionary dependencies are often reviewed when the schedule needs to be compressed.

Details for each option:

A. Mandatory dependencies
Incorrect. Mandatory dependencies are dependencies set by legal rules or contract terms or as the nature of work. Mandatory dependencies are known as hard logic and not a subject to be changed during the project implementation.

B. Discretionary dependencies
Correct. Discretionary dependencies are often established by the knowledge or best practices regarding project work. It suggests desired sequences in completing project work although some other options are also acceptable. Thus, discretionary dependencies provide opportunities for the project team to compress the schedule by fast-tracking.


C. Internal dependencies
Incorrect. Internal dependencies are relationships between project activities and may include both mandatory and discretionary dependencies. Thus, although it may be partly correct, it is not the best answer.

D. External dependencies
Incorrect. External dependencies are generally outside the project team's control. An external dependency involves a relationship between project activities and non-project activities. Thus, external dependencies are not expected to be used when compressing the project schedule.


Reference: A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, (PMBOK^® Guide) – Sixth Edition, Project Management Institute Inc., 2017, Page(s) 191